Cloud computing refers to the provision of computational resources on demand via a computer network. In the traditional model of computing, both data and software are fully contained on the user's computer; in cloud computing, the user's computer may contain almost no software or data (perhaps a minimal operating system and web browser only), serving as little more than a display terminal for processes occurring on a network of computers far away. A common shorthand for a provider's cloud computing service (or even an aggregation of all existing cloud services) is "The Cloud".
The most common analogy to explain cloud computing is that of public utilities such as electricity, gas, and water. The phrase “cloud computing” originated from the cloud symbol that is usually used by flow charts and diagrams to symbolize the internet.
In an October 2009 presentation titled "Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm" by Peter Mell & Tim Grance of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) provides a concise and specific definition:
5 Essential Characteristics:
The most common analogy to explain cloud computing is that of public utilities such as electricity, gas, and water. The phrase “cloud computing” originated from the cloud symbol that is usually used by flow charts and diagrams to symbolize the internet.
In an October 2009 presentation titled "Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm" by Peter Mell & Tim Grance of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) provides a concise and specific definition:
The Cloud Model is composed of 5 Essential Characteristics, 3 Service Models & 4 Deployment Models.Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.
5 Essential Characteristics:
- On Demand Self Service
- Rapid Elasticity
- Network Access
- Resource Pooling
- Independent of Location
- Measured Service
- Software as a Service (SaaS)
- Platform as a Service (PaaS)
- Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
- Private Cloud - Enterprise owned
- Community Cloud - Shared infrastructure for a specific community
- Public Cloud - for the public, big-scale infrastructure
- Hybrid Cloud - Comprises of 2 or more types of clouds
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